ChREBP (Carbohydrate responsive element binding protein) is a transcription factor playing a critical role in the nutrient and hormonal regulation of genes encoding enzymes of glucose metabolism and lipogenesis pathways. It contains several domains including a nuclear localization signal (NLS) near the N-terminus, polyproline domains, a basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper (b/HLH/Zip) and a leucine zipper like (zip-like) domain.
ChREBP is ubiquitously detected in various tissues, with highest expression in liver, kidney and white and brown adipose tissue. Under basal conditions ChREBP is localized in the cytosol, translocating into the nucleus upon high glucose stimulation following its dephosphorylation of phospho-serine 196.